Zosankha zosiyanasiyana zamakanema a 2D pakukula kwamasewera zilipo kwa inu ngati wopanga. Makanema a 2D ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula kwamasewera ndipo makamaka amasewera a indie ndi retro, komanso maudindo amakono omwe amadalira masitayilo apadera. Kusankha njira zoyenera zotsatsira kungakhudze kwambiri zomwe zimachitika pamasewera ndikutanthauzira mawonekedwe amasewera. Pali njira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga makanema ojambula pa 2D pakukula kwamasewera.
Makanema a chimango ndi chimango ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Imodzi mwamitundu yakale kwambiri ya makanema ojambula a 2D ndi makanema ojambula pamafelemu ndi chimango, omwe amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi zojambula zakale. Mafelemu aumwini, mwachitsanzo, zithunzi, zimaseweredwa chimodzi pambuyo pa chimzake kuti apange chinyengo cha kayendedwe. Njirayi imapereka ufulu wapamwamba waluso monga momwe kayendetsedwe kake kakhoza kupangidwira payekha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zojambula zamadzimadzi komanso zapadera. Ndi yabwino kwa makanema ojambula pamakongoletsedwe pomwe zilembo ndi zinthu zidapangidwa mwapadera mu chimango chilichonse.
Komabe, makanema ojambula pamafelemu ndi mafelemu amatenga nthawi chifukwa chimango chilichonse chimayenera kupangidwa payekhapayekha. Chofunikira pamtima chimakhalanso chapamwamba, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mafelemu kumafunikira malo osungira ambiri, omwe amatha kukhala ovuta pazida zam'manja kapena nsanja zopanda mphamvu.
Makanema a chigoba (makanema a mafupa) ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Makanema a chigoba ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakukulitsa masewera a 2D. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga "skeleton" (fupa la fupa) lopangidwa ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi mfundo, zomwe zimasuntha chithunzi cha 2D (sprite). Njirayi ndi yothandiza komanso imasunga malo osungira chifukwa m'malo mwa zithunzi zambiri zapayekha, ma sprites omwe alipo amakhala amoyo mwa kusuntha mafupa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusintha kapena kusintha zojambulazo ngati malo a mafupa okhawo ayenera kusinthidwa. Makanema a chigoba ndi oyenera makamaka makanema ojambula pamitu ndi zinthu zomwe zimayenera kusuntha mwachilengedwe.
Komabe, njirayo ilinso ndi malire ake. Popeza kuti makanema ojambula amapangidwa posuntha mafupa, kusuntha kwakukulu kungayambitse kusokoneza. Kuphatikiza apo, kufotokozerako kumatha kuchepetsedwa chifukwa ma sprites nthawi zambiri amakhala olimba ndipo amawoneka osalongosoka poyerekeza ndi makanema ojambula pamafelemu ndi chimango.
Mapepala a Sprite ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Mapepala a Sprite ndi njira yotchuka mu makanema ojambula a 2D omwe amaphatikiza makanema ojambula angapo amunthu kapena chinthu kukhala chithunzi chimodzi. Tsamba lililonse la sprite lili ndi mafelemu osiyanasiyana a makanema ojambula omwe amasewera imodzi pambuyo pa inzake. Mapepala a Sprite amatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta mumainjini amasewera ngati Unity kapena Godot, kupangitsa kuti kukhazikike kukhala kosavuta. Ndiwothandiza pa makanema ojambula osavuta monga kuthamanga, kudumpha kapena kukhomerera ndipo ndi oyenera makamaka pamasewera aluso a pixel chifukwa amalola kuwongolera bwino ma pixel.
Komabe, kupanga mapepala a sprite kumatenga nthawi ngati makanema ojambula pamafelemu ndi chimango chifukwa mafelemu ambiri amayenera kupangidwa kuti azisuntha movutikira. Kuphatikiza apo, mayendedwe amakhazikika, ndipo kusintha kapena kusiyanasiyana kumafuna mafelemu atsopano.
Makanema a Cutout ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Makanema a Cutout amagwiritsa ntchito mbali zofotokozedweratu za munthu (monga mikono, miyendo, mutu) zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ngati zidutswa za puzzles kenako kupangitsidwa. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ndi makanema ojambula pachigoba ndipo imapereka zosankha mwachangu popeza magawo amodzi amatha kusinthidwa kapena kusinthidwa mosavuta. Zigawo zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazojambula zosiyanasiyana, kupulumutsa nthawi ndi zinthu.
Komabe, kusunthako nthawi zambiri kumawoneka ngati kolimba chifukwa ndi zida zokhazo zomwe zimasunthidwa. Maonekedwe kapena mayendedwe opitilira muyeso ndizovuta kufotokoza popanda zigawo zake kuoneka ngati zachilendo.
Makanema otengera fiziki ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Mu makanema ojambula otengera fizikisi, kuyenda kwa zilembo kapena zinthu kumayendetsedwa ndi mawerengedwe akuthupi monga mphamvu yokoka, mphamvu, ndi kugundana. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kuchita zinthu zenizeni, monga zotsatira za ragdoll. Makanema ozikidwa pa physics amapereka mayendedwe enieni komanso amasintha mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe.
Komabe, zimakhala zovuta kuzilamulira chifukwa mayendedwe ndi ovuta kudziwiratu ndikuwongolera, zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zosafunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, mawerengerowa ndi ochuluka kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhudza magwiridwe antchito, makamaka pazida zam'manja.
Machitidwe a Particle ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Machitidwe a tinthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zowoneka ngati utsi, moto, matsenga, kapena kuphulika. Amapangidwa ndi tiziduswa tating'ono ta sprite tomwe timagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti tipange makanema okulirapo. Machitidwe a Particle amathandizira zosinthika komanso zochititsa chidwi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zochitika zamasewera munthawi yeniyeni. Zosintha monga mtundu, liwiro ndi moyo wa tinthu zitha kusinthidwa mosavuta.
Komabe, ndizoyenera zowoneka bwino kuposa makanema ojambula pazithunzi ndipo zimatha kukhudza magwiridwe antchito ngati sizikukonzedwa bwino.
Makanema amachitidwe ngati makanema ojambula a 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Procedural animation ndi njira yomwe mayendedwe amapangidwa kudzera mu ma aligorivimu ndi ma code m'malo mopangidwa ndi manja. Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda mwachisawawa kapena makanema ojambula omwe amafunikira kusinthika mokhazikika. Makanema amachitidwe amasinthasintha komanso amasinthasintha mogwirizana ndi osewera komanso zochitika zachilengedwe munthawi yeniyeni. Amafuna malo ochepa osungira chifukwa palibe mafelemu omangidwa kale omwe amafunikira.
Komabe, kupanga ndi kukonza ma aligorivimu ndizovuta komanso zimatenga nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, makanema ojambula pamachitidwe ndi ovuta kuwongolera kuposa makanema ojambula pamanja.
Mapeto pa makanema ojambula pa 2D pakukula kwamasewera
Kusankha njira yoyenera ya makanema ojambula a 2D kumadalira kwambiri kalembedwe kamasewera, zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi zida zomwe zilipo. Kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amtundu ndi chimango, makanema ojambula pachigoba, ma sprite sheet kapena njira zamakono, zosunthika monga makanema ojambula pafizikisi kapena machitidwe - njira iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zake. Kuphatikizika kwa njirazi kumathandizira opanga masewera kupanga makanema ojambula mwaluso komanso apadera omwe amalemeretsa zochitika zamasewera ndikutanthauzira mawonekedwe amasewera.
Mutha kupeza zambiri pa Chitsogozo cha makanema ojambula pa 2D mu Umodzi
Mutu ukupitilira Makanema ojambula mu 2D mu Umodzi
